In situ microsensor studies of a shallow water hydrothermal vent at Milos, Greece
Identifieur interne : 000228 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000227; suivant : 000229In situ microsensor studies of a shallow water hydrothermal vent at Milos, Greece
Auteurs : Frank Wenzhöfer [Allemagne] ; Ola Holby [Allemagne] ; Ronnie N. Glud [Danemark] ; Helle K. Nielsen [Danemark] ; Jens K. Gundersen [Danemark]Source :
- Marine Chemistry [ 0304-4203 ] ; 2000.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Amorphous silica, Bacterial populations, Benthic, Benthic diatoms, Benthic microflora, Brownish zone, Centre, Consumption rate, Cronan, Daily cycle, Dando, Diatom, Different vent areas, Diffusion coefficients, Dutch wadden, Electrode signals, Elemental sulfur, Elsevier science, Fitzsimons, Gradual increase, Guard cathode, High concentrations, Hydrogen sulfide, Hydrothermal, Hydrothermal activity, Hydrothermal vent, Hydrothermal vents, Inorganic carbon, Laboratory measurements, Light intensity, Local pressure differences, Marine chemistry, Massive release, Microbial, Microbial ecology, Microbial processes, Microcirculative pattern, Microelectrodes, Microprofiles, Microsensors, Milo, Miniaturised version, Mmol, Outer diameter, Overlying, Overlying water, Oxygen concentration, Oxygen microprofiles, Oxygen penetration depth, Oxygenated water, Palaeochori, Photic zone, Photosynthesis, Photosynthetic rates, Primary production, Response time, Sediment, Sediment cores, Sediment depth, Sediment depths, Sediment surface, Sediment water interface, Sensor, Sensor signal, Shallow water hydrothermal systems, Small convective cells, Sulfide, Sulfur, Temperature coefficient, Temperature effects, Temperature microsensors, Temperature transects, Time series measurements, Unaffected, Unaffected area, Unaffected sediment, Unaffected sediment site, Unaffected sediments, Varnavas, Vent, Vent area, Vent outlet, Vent site, Vent system, Water depth, Wenzhofer, White area, White fluff, White vent area, Yellow area, Yellow areas, Yellow vent area.
- Teeft :
- Amorphous silica, Bacterial populations, Benthic, Benthic diatoms, Benthic microflora, Brownish zone, Centre, Consumption rate, Cronan, Daily cycle, Dando, Diatom, Different vent areas, Diffusion coefficients, Dutch wadden, Electrode signals, Elemental sulfur, Elsevier science, Fitzsimons, Gradual increase, Guard cathode, High concentrations, Hydrogen sulfide, Hydrothermal, Hydrothermal activity, Hydrothermal vent, Hydrothermal vents, Inorganic carbon, Laboratory measurements, Light intensity, Local pressure differences, Marine chemistry, Massive release, Microbial, Microbial ecology, Microbial processes, Microcirculative pattern, Microelectrodes, Microprofiles, Microsensors, Milo, Miniaturised version, Mmol, Outer diameter, Overlying, Overlying water, Oxygen concentration, Oxygen microprofiles, Oxygen penetration depth, Oxygenated water, Palaeochori, Photic zone, Photosynthesis, Photosynthetic rates, Primary production, Response time, Sediment, Sediment cores, Sediment depth, Sediment depths, Sediment surface, Sediment water interface, Sensor, Sensor signal, Shallow water hydrothermal systems, Small convective cells, Sulfide, Sulfur, Temperature coefficient, Temperature effects, Temperature microsensors, Temperature transects, Time series measurements, Unaffected, Unaffected area, Unaffected sediment, Unaffected sediment site, Unaffected sediments, Varnavas, Vent, Vent area, Vent outlet, Vent site, Vent system, Water depth, Wenzhofer, White area, White fluff, White vent area, Yellow area, Yellow areas, Yellow vent area.
Abstract
Abstract: The microenvironment and microcirculation of a shallow water hydrothermal vent system was studied together with the benthic primary production at Milos, Greece. In situ microprofiles of O2, pH, H2S and temperature were obtained using a miniaturised version of a profiling instrument. The sediment temperature increased toward the centre of the vent system, reaching a surface maximum of 100°C in the central yellow coloured sulfidic area. The oxygen penetration depth decreased from the unaffected sediment surrounding the vent system towards the vent centre; however, at the inner vent area the O2 penetration increased again. Similar results were obtained during laboratory measurements. H2S concentrations increased rapidly beneath the oxygenated zone in the different vent areas and reached values of approximately 900 μM at sediment depths of 7–17 mm in the central vent areas. The microprofiles resolved a microcirculative pattern where local pressure differences caused by outflowing seep fluids induced a downward transport of oxygenated water, creating small convective cells which efficiently reoxidised H2S of the seep fluid. Patches of benthic diatoms covered the sediment surface in the areas surrounding the vent system. The net photosynthesis of this community increased from 25 to 41.8 mmol O2 m−2 d−1 from early morning to midday. The amount of carbon fixed daily, as calculated from the in situ oxygen microprofiles, accounted for 0.67 mmol C m−2 d−1. Laboratory incubations indicated that photosynthesis was not carbon limited and consequently the excess dissolved inorganic carbon contained in the vent fluids presumably had no effect on benthic primary production.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S0304-4203(99)00091-2
Affiliations:
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Le document en format XML
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<term>Dando</term>
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<term>Different vent areas</term>
<term>Diffusion coefficients</term>
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<term>Gradual increase</term>
<term>Guard cathode</term>
<term>High concentrations</term>
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<term>Hydrothermal</term>
<term>Hydrothermal activity</term>
<term>Hydrothermal vent</term>
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<term>Microsensors</term>
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<term>Miniaturised version</term>
<term>Mmol</term>
<term>Outer diameter</term>
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<term>Overlying water</term>
<term>Oxygen concentration</term>
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<term>Sensor signal</term>
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<term>Sulfide</term>
<term>Sulfur</term>
<term>Temperature coefficient</term>
<term>Temperature effects</term>
<term>Temperature microsensors</term>
<term>Temperature transects</term>
<term>Time series measurements</term>
<term>Unaffected</term>
<term>Unaffected area</term>
<term>Unaffected sediment</term>
<term>Unaffected sediment site</term>
<term>Unaffected sediments</term>
<term>Varnavas</term>
<term>Vent</term>
<term>Vent area</term>
<term>Vent outlet</term>
<term>Vent site</term>
<term>Vent system</term>
<term>Water depth</term>
<term>Wenzhofer</term>
<term>White area</term>
<term>White fluff</term>
<term>White vent area</term>
<term>Yellow area</term>
<term>Yellow areas</term>
<term>Yellow vent area</term>
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<term>Benthic</term>
<term>Benthic diatoms</term>
<term>Benthic microflora</term>
<term>Brownish zone</term>
<term>Centre</term>
<term>Consumption rate</term>
<term>Cronan</term>
<term>Daily cycle</term>
<term>Dando</term>
<term>Diatom</term>
<term>Different vent areas</term>
<term>Diffusion coefficients</term>
<term>Dutch wadden</term>
<term>Electrode signals</term>
<term>Elemental sulfur</term>
<term>Elsevier science</term>
<term>Fitzsimons</term>
<term>Gradual increase</term>
<term>Guard cathode</term>
<term>High concentrations</term>
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<term>Hydrothermal</term>
<term>Hydrothermal activity</term>
<term>Hydrothermal vent</term>
<term>Hydrothermal vents</term>
<term>Inorganic carbon</term>
<term>Laboratory measurements</term>
<term>Light intensity</term>
<term>Local pressure differences</term>
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<term>Massive release</term>
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<term>Microbial processes</term>
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<term>Microprofiles</term>
<term>Microsensors</term>
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<term>Oxygen microprofiles</term>
<term>Oxygen penetration depth</term>
<term>Oxygenated water</term>
<term>Palaeochori</term>
<term>Photic zone</term>
<term>Photosynthesis</term>
<term>Photosynthetic rates</term>
<term>Primary production</term>
<term>Response time</term>
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<term>Sediment depth</term>
<term>Sediment depths</term>
<term>Sediment surface</term>
<term>Sediment water interface</term>
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<term>Sensor signal</term>
<term>Shallow water hydrothermal systems</term>
<term>Small convective cells</term>
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<term>Sulfur</term>
<term>Temperature coefficient</term>
<term>Temperature effects</term>
<term>Temperature microsensors</term>
<term>Temperature transects</term>
<term>Time series measurements</term>
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<term>Unaffected area</term>
<term>Unaffected sediment</term>
<term>Unaffected sediment site</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: The microenvironment and microcirculation of a shallow water hydrothermal vent system was studied together with the benthic primary production at Milos, Greece. In situ microprofiles of O2, pH, H2S and temperature were obtained using a miniaturised version of a profiling instrument. The sediment temperature increased toward the centre of the vent system, reaching a surface maximum of 100°C in the central yellow coloured sulfidic area. The oxygen penetration depth decreased from the unaffected sediment surrounding the vent system towards the vent centre; however, at the inner vent area the O2 penetration increased again. Similar results were obtained during laboratory measurements. H2S concentrations increased rapidly beneath the oxygenated zone in the different vent areas and reached values of approximately 900 μM at sediment depths of 7–17 mm in the central vent areas. The microprofiles resolved a microcirculative pattern where local pressure differences caused by outflowing seep fluids induced a downward transport of oxygenated water, creating small convective cells which efficiently reoxidised H2S of the seep fluid. Patches of benthic diatoms covered the sediment surface in the areas surrounding the vent system. The net photosynthesis of this community increased from 25 to 41.8 mmol O2 m−2 d−1 from early morning to midday. The amount of carbon fixed daily, as calculated from the in situ oxygen microprofiles, accounted for 0.67 mmol C m−2 d−1. Laboratory incubations indicated that photosynthesis was not carbon limited and consequently the excess dissolved inorganic carbon contained in the vent fluids presumably had no effect on benthic primary production.</div>
</front>
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<li>Danemark</li>
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<name sortKey="Holby, Ola" sort="Holby, Ola" uniqKey="Holby O" first="Ola" last="Holby">Ola Holby</name>
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<country name="Danemark"><noRegion><name sortKey="Glud, Ronnie N" sort="Glud, Ronnie N" uniqKey="Glud R" first="Ronnie N" last="Glud">Ronnie N. Glud</name>
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<name sortKey="Gundersen, Jens K" sort="Gundersen, Jens K" uniqKey="Gundersen J" first="Jens K" last="Gundersen">Jens K. Gundersen</name>
<name sortKey="Nielsen, Helle K" sort="Nielsen, Helle K" uniqKey="Nielsen H" first="Helle K" last="Nielsen">Helle K. Nielsen</name>
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